Punctuation: Semicolons and Colons

1. Use a semicolon between independent clauses if they aren't joined by and, but, or, not, for, so or yet.
Ex. Calvin drives; Anna gives him instructions.

2. Use a semicolon between independent clauses joined by conjunctive adverbs or transitional expressions.
Ex. She was sick; however, she played well.

3. Use a semicolon to separate independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction when there are commas within the clauses.
Ex. Ana, Sara and Jen took it; and Sam and Alex didn't.

4. Use a semicolon between items if the items contain commas.
Ex. The group will visit Seoul, Korea; Tokyo, Japan; and Hong Kong, China.

4. Use a colon to mean "note what follows."
Ex. Bring the following items: clothes, toothbrush, shoes, and shampoo.

5. Use a colon in certain conventional situations.
Ex. 9:45 AM